The Transactional Role of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Undergraduates' Day-To-Day Positive and Negative Mood
Peltz J, Rogge RD and Zeitzer JM
The Transactional Role of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Undergraduates' Day-To-Day Positive and Negative Mood
Peltz J, Rogge RD and Zeitzer JM
The current study sought to elucidate the interplay of the mutually influencing processes of daily mood and REM sleep, a stage of sleep hypothesised to be involved in affect change. Young adult college students (N = 156; M = 20.3 years, SD = 3.2; 77.6% female) completed a baseline online survey followed by wearing an ambulatory EEG headband overnight and completing daily morning and evening mood surveys for 10 consecutive days. Results, based on dynamic structural equation modelling, demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between evening negative mood and REM sleep minutes such that decreases in the minutes of the prior night's duration of REM sleep predicted relative increases in the levels of negative mood the following evening and vice versa. In addition, REM duration mediated the effect of the prior evening's negative mood on the following morning's positive mood such that increases in evening negative mood predicted relative decreases in REM minutes, which, in turn, predicted decreases in morning positive mood. Results from the current study highlight the critical role of REM sleep for emotional well-being as well as the importance of mood regulation before sleep.
Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on circulating immune cells profiles: Evidence from NHANES dataset and Mendelian randomization
Jia Y, Gao X, Xu S, Shi J, Hou H, Li Y and Han D
Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on circulating immune cells profiles: Evidence from NHANES dataset and Mendelian randomization
Jia Y, Gao X, Xu S, Shi J, Hou H, Li Y and Han D
This study aimed to investigate the impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) on immune cell profiles by utilizing both the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset and a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) method.
Association Between Sleep Quality and Oxidative Stress in Postoperative Cardiovascular Patients-A Pilot Study
Krawczyk K, Riemann D, Schleicher E, Günther A, Ayekoi A, Czerny M, Pooth JS, Böhmerle T, Feige B, Sahlmann J and Beyersdorf F
Association Between Sleep Quality and Oxidative Stress in Postoperative Cardiovascular Patients-A Pilot Study
Krawczyk K, Riemann D, Schleicher E, Günther A, Ayekoi A, Czerny M, Pooth JS, Böhmerle T, Feige B, Sahlmann J and Beyersdorf F
Oxidative stress contributes to numerous physiological and pathological processes, and sleep behaviour as well as circadian rhythms may influence reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations in humans. This prospective pilot study quantified postoperative venous ROS concentrations in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and explored associations with subjective and objective sleep parameters, circadian patterns and patient characteristics. Fifteen patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery at the University Medical Center Freiburg were monitored during the first 48 postoperative hours. Serial venous blood samples were analysed for ROS concentrations using electron spin resonance. Sleep was assessed using validated questionnaires, including the Insomnia Severity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Schlaffragebogen-A (SF-A), as well as actigraphy. Additional clinical data were recorded. Venous ROS concentrations showed substantial inter-individual variability but no significant circadian pattern. Mean postoperative ROS concentrations were not significantly associated with ISI scores, PSQI global score, SF-A parameters or objective actigraphic sleep measures. Among PSQI subdomains, however, higher ROS concentrations were significantly associated with reduced sleep efficiency (r = -0.74, p = 0.002) and longer nocturnal wake time (r = 0.62, p = 0.01), while shorter sleep duration showed a trend-level association (r = -0.49, p = 0.07). These findings demonstrate the feasibility of electron spin resonance-based venous ROS quantification in postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Specific subjective sleep parameters, particularly reduced sleep efficiency and increased nocturnal wake time, may be associated with higher postoperative ROS concentrations. Larger studies are warranted to confirm these exploratory findings.
Identification of Frailty Subtypes in African American Adults With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Latent Class Analysis From the Jackson Heart Study
Simpson FR, Espeland MA, Bertoni AG, Legins JJ, Lloyd TS and Sumter TA
Identification of Frailty Subtypes in African American Adults With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Latent Class Analysis From the Jackson Heart Study
Simpson FR, Espeland MA, Bertoni AG, Legins JJ, Lloyd TS and Sumter TA
To identify frailty subtypes among African American adults with and without diabetes.
Discovery of Novel Thiazolo[4,5-]pyrimidin-7(6)-Ones as Extrasynaptic δ-GABA Receptor-Preferring PAMs with Rapid Antidepressant-like Efficacy
Wang H, Liao W, Li Y, Guo A, Liu Z, Guo X, Wang K, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Wang W, Wang X, Zhang L, Sun Q and Huang Z
Discovery of Novel Thiazolo[4,5-]pyrimidin-7(6)-Ones as Extrasynaptic δ-GABA Receptor-Preferring PAMs with Rapid Antidepressant-like Efficacy
Wang H, Liao W, Li Y, Guo A, Liu Z, Guo X, Wang K, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Wang W, Wang X, Zhang L, Sun Q and Huang Z
Activation of extrasynaptic δ-GABARs represents a promising strategy for rapid-acting antidepressant therapy in major depressive disorder (MDD). Here, we report the discovery and pharmacological characterization of a novel series of thiazolo[4,5-]pyrimidin-7(6)-one derivatives as potent positive allosteric modulators selective for δ-GABARs. Systematic SAR exploration identified compound as a lead candidate, which demonstrated high potency on the extrasynaptic receptor subtype (α4β3δ: 950% current enhancement at 10 μM, EC = 0.8 μM) while maintaining favorable modulation of synaptic subtypes. , exerted rapid-acting antidepressant effects in both the mouse tail suspension test and the chronic restraint stress-induced depression model, with no addictive behaviors observed. These effects were completely abolished in δ-subunit knockout mice, confirming target engagement. Furthermore, significantly enhanced NREM sleep in a -chlorophenylalanine-induced insomnia model, highlighting potential dual efficacy in MDD with comorbid sleep disturbance. Collectively, these findings position as a promising clinical candidate for next-generation rapid-acting antidepressant therapy.
Community-based social connection intervention programme to improve cardiovascular and brain health in older adults in rural Ecuador: study protocol for a quasi-experimental trial
Del Brutto VJ, Leal G, Mera RM, Rumbea DA, Abad MJ and Del Brutto OH
Community-based social connection intervention programme to improve cardiovascular and brain health in older adults in rural Ecuador: study protocol for a quasi-experimental trial
Del Brutto VJ, Leal G, Mera RM, Rumbea DA, Abad MJ and Del Brutto OH
Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly recognised as determinants of cardiovascular and brain health, particularly among older adults. Evidence from high-income settings links social disconnection to higher risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, cognitive decline and mortality, yet few interventions have been adapted for rural, resource-limited environments. In rural coastal Ecuador, demographic stability, low migration and strong community engagement provide a unique context to evaluate a culturally grounded intervention. This study aims to determine whether a multi-component social connection intervention programme (SCIP), informed by the Social Cognitive Theory, can reduce loneliness and social isolation and improve cardiovascular, cognitive and psychosocial outcomes among older adults living in three rural villages participating in a population-based cohort.
Effect of Muller maneuver on upper airway characteristics and surrounding structures in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a cone-beam computed tomography study
Arianezhad SM, Safi Y, Ahsaie MG, Mortazavi H and Aryanezhad SS
Effect of Muller maneuver on upper airway characteristics and surrounding structures in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a cone-beam computed tomography study
Arianezhad SM, Safi Y, Ahsaie MG, Mortazavi H and Aryanezhad SS
The Muller maneuver (MM) collapses the upper airway and mimics apneic events during sleep. This study aimed to assess the effect of MM on the upper airway (UA) and surrounding structures of patients with OSA using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). This prospective study of 18 moderate-to-severe OSA patients included two CBCT scans, one during gentle breathing and another while performing MM, with standardized head and neck positioning. UA, soft tissue, and hyoid bone were analyzed using linear, area, and volumetric measurements with OnDemand 3D software version 10.0.1 (1008 measurements). Paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Marginal Homogeneity tests, and two-way repeated-measures ANOVA were performed using SPSS version 27 software. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d. MM statistically significantly decreased the following airway parameters: minimum anterior-posterior (mAP) of nasopharynx (6.41% (P = 0.048)), mAP-oropharynx (38.81% (P = 0.006)), minimum transverse(mT) of oropharynx (38.88% (P = 0.006)), minimum cross-sectional area(mCSA) of oropharynx (42.02%; P = 0.011), volume(V) of oropharynx (27.41%; P = 0.002), mAP-hypopharynx (19.77%;P = 0.039) and mCSA-hypopharynx (11.77%;P = 0.048), V-UA (11.76%;P = 0.048) and minimum axial area (39.01%; P = 0.007). MM also resulted in significant vertical hyoid bone changes and soft tissue length (P = 0.001, P = 0.016, respectively). Effect size analysis demonstrated predominantly moderate-to-large effects across variables, particularly for hyoid bone displacement and oropharyngeal airway narrowing, indicating that the observed changes were not only statistically significant but also clinically meaningful. This noninvasive, low-cost approach, provides comprehensive evaluation of the UA and surrounding structures. It also offers functional insight by capturing airway configuration under negative pressure conditions, enabling a more dynamic assessment of airway behavior and collapsibility.
Effect of electroacupuncture versus cognitive behavioral therapy for perimenopausal insomnia: a non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial
Yu XT, Wang HX, Hu J, Hu J, Chen JJ, Yang WJ, Ren Y, Zheng YT and Chen YF
Effect of electroacupuncture versus cognitive behavioral therapy for perimenopausal insomnia: a non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial
Yu XT, Wang HX, Hu J, Hu J, Chen JJ, Yang WJ, Ren Y, Zheng YT and Chen YF
Perimenopausal insomnia (PMI) significantly compromises the quality of life and daily functioning. Electroacupuncture (EA) is an effective non-pharmacological therapy for insomnia, but its efficacy compared to cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is not well-established. This trial aimed to test the non-inferiority of EA compared with CBT-I for PMI.
Mystery shopper assessments of cannabis retailer practices and regulatory compliance in five U.S. states, 2025
Berg CJ, LoParco CR, Rossheim ME, McCready DM, Langan L, Platt E, Romm KF, Johnson M, Speer MB, Burris S and Cavazos-Rehg PA
Mystery shopper assessments of cannabis retailer practices and regulatory compliance in five U.S. states, 2025
Berg CJ, LoParco CR, Rossheim ME, McCready DM, Langan L, Platt E, Romm KF, Johnson M, Speer MB, Burris S and Cavazos-Rehg PA
This study used mystery shoppers to assess cannabis retail practices in 5 US states regulating legal nonmedical cannabis retail.
Inspiratory Muscle Fatigue and Pulmonary Deposition-Perfusion Imaging Predict Sleep Dysfunction in Long COVID: Evidence From MTC Scintigraphy and FIT Performance Metrics
Nóbrega Júnior JC, Brandão SS, Formiga MF, Xavier D, Torres R, Souza SN, Fink JB, Ari A, Reinaux C, Brandão D, Campos S and Andrade AD
Inspiratory Muscle Fatigue and Pulmonary Deposition-Perfusion Imaging Predict Sleep Dysfunction in Long COVID: Evidence From MTC Scintigraphy and FIT Performance Metrics
Nóbrega Júnior JC, Brandão SS, Formiga MF, Xavier D, Torres R, Souza SN, Fink JB, Ari A, Reinaux C, Brandão D, Campos S and Andrade AD
Post-COVID-19 syndrome may impair respiratory function, inspiratory muscle performance, and sleep quality; however, the interaction between inspiratory muscle fatigue, regional deposition/perfusion, and sleep disturbances remains unclear.
