Elevated levels of interleukin-35 and interleukin-37 in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Chen B, Liu YN, Ji L, Liu PL, He J, Gan YY, Ji GJ, Zhu SY and Zhang WH
Elevated levels of interleukin-35 and interleukin-37 in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Chen B, Liu YN, Ji L, Liu PL, He J, Gan YY, Ji GJ, Zhu SY and Zhang WH
Systemic inflammation has a critical role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Interleukin (IL)-35 and IL-37 have been identified as novel immune-modulating cytokines with anti-inflammatory activities in numerous types of inflammatory disease. The present study aimed to examine the serum levels of IL-35 and IL-37 in patients with OSA, and to investigate their associations with the severity of OSA.
GABA receptor β -subunit knock-out mice show increased delta power in NREM sleep and decreased theta power in REM sleep
Lie MEK, Falk-Petersen CB, Piilgaard L, Griem-Krey N, Wellendorph P and Kornum BR
GABA receptor β -subunit knock-out mice show increased delta power in NREM sleep and decreased theta power in REM sleep
Lie MEK, Falk-Petersen CB, Piilgaard L, Griem-Krey N, Wellendorph P and Kornum BR
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting through heteropentameric GABA receptors plays a pivotal role in the sleep-promoting circuitry. Whereas the role of the different GABA receptor α-subunits in sleep regulation and in mediating the effect of benzodiazepines for treatment of insomnia is well-described, the β-subunits are less studied. Here we report the first study characterizing sleep in mice lacking the GABA receptor β -subunit (β mice). We show that β mice have a distinct and abnormal sleep phenotype characterized by increased delta power in non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep and decreased theta activity in REM sleep compared to β mice, without any change in the overall sleep-wake architecture. From GABA receptor specific autoradiography it is further demonstrated that functional β -subunit-containing GABA receptors display the highest binding levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. In conclusion, this study suggests that the GABA receptor β -subunit does not play an important role in sleep initiation or maintenance, but instead regulates the power spectrum and especially the expression of theta rhythm. This provides new knowledge on the complex role of GABA receptor subunits in sleep regulation. In addition, β mice could provide a useful mouse model for future studies of the physiological role of delta and theta rhythms during sleep.
An Observational Study of Sleep in Childhood Post-Neonatal Encephalopathy
Zareen Z, Allen J, Kelly LA, McDonald D, Sweetman D and Molloy EJ
An Observational Study of Sleep in Childhood Post-Neonatal Encephalopathy
Zareen Z, Allen J, Kelly LA, McDonald D, Sweetman D and Molloy EJ
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is associated with altered cognitive, motor, sensory abilities and behavioural outcomes. This case-control study aimed to assess whether Quality of Life (QoL) and sleep disorders are affected in older children following NE compared to age-matched controls.
Determination of the sleep-wake pattern and feasibility of NREM/REM discrimination using the non-invasive piezoelectric system in rats
Vanneau T, Quiquempoix M, Trignol A, Verdonk C, Van Beers P, Sauvet F, Gomez-Merino D and Chennaoui M
Determination of the sleep-wake pattern and feasibility of NREM/REM discrimination using the non-invasive piezoelectric system in rats
Vanneau T, Quiquempoix M, Trignol A, Verdonk C, Van Beers P, Sauvet F, Gomez-Merino D and Chennaoui M
The piezoelectric cage-floor sensors have been used to successfully dissect sleep patterns in mice based on signal features related to respiration and body movements. We studied performance of the piezoelectric system to quantify the sleep-wake pattern in the rat over 7 days of recording compared with a visual electroencephalogram/electromyogram scoring, and under two light/dark (LD12:12 and LD16:8) photoperiods leading to change in the 24-hr sleep characteristics (N = 7 per group). The total sleep time (%/24 hr) over the 7 days recording and hourly sleep time over the last 24-hr recording were not statistically different between methods under the two photoperiods. Both methods detected higher total sleep time with the LD16:8 photoperiod compared with LD12:12 (p < .05), and correlated significantly (p < .001) at light and dark periods during each photoperiod. The accuracies for discrimination of sleep-wake patterns between methods were 81.9% and 84.9% for LD12:12 and LD16:8, respectively. In addition, spectral analysis of the respiratory signal given by piezo during all 10-s periods of the corresponding non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep periods recorded by electroencephalogram/electromyogram resulted in selection of 36 features that could be inserted in an automated non-rapid eye movement sleep and rapid eye movement sleep classification, with 90% accuracy with the electroencephalogram/electromyogram visual scoring. The piezo system proved to be a reliable non-invasive alternative to electroencephalogram recording to study total sleep time in rat, with feasibility to discriminate between non-rapid eye movement and rapid eye movement sleep stages. This will be interesting in pharmacological or bio-behavioural studies evaluating sleep patterns or the restorative functions of sleep in the body and the brain.
An investigation and replication of sleep-related cognitions, acceptance and behaviours as predictors of short- and long-term outcome in cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia
Blom K, Hentati Isacsson N, Forsell E, Rosén A, Kraepelien M, Jernelöv S and Kaldo V
An investigation and replication of sleep-related cognitions, acceptance and behaviours as predictors of short- and long-term outcome in cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia
Blom K, Hentati Isacsson N, Forsell E, Rosén A, Kraepelien M, Jernelöv S and Kaldo V
The objectives were to investigate the potential for sleep-related behaviours, acceptance and cognitions to predict outcome (insomnia severity) of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). Baseline and outcome data from four randomised controlled trials (n = 276) were used. Predictors were the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep-10 (DBAS-10), Sleep-Related Behaviours Questionnaire (SRBQ), and Sleep Problems Acceptance Questionnaire (SPAQ), and empirically derived factors from a factor analysis combining all items at baseline (n = 835). Baseline values were used to predict post-treatment outcome, and pre-post changes in the predictors were used to predict follow-up outcomes after 3-6 months, 1 year, or 3-10 years, measured both as insomnia severity and as better or worse long-term sleep patterns. A majority (29 of 52) of predictions of insomnia severity were significant, but when controlling for insomnia severity, only two (DBAS-10 at short-term and SRBQ at mid-term follow-up) of the 12 predictions using established scales, and three of the 40 predictions using empirically derived factors, remained significant. The strongest predictor of a long-term, stable sleep pattern was insomnia severity reduction during treatment. Using all available predictors in an overfitted model, 21.2% of short- and 58.9% of long-term outcomes could be predicted. We conclude that although the explored constructs may have important roles in CBT-I, the present study does not support that the DBAS-10, SRBQ, SPAQ, or factors derived from them, would be unique predictors of outcome.
Parent Carer Quality of Life and Night-Time Attendance in Non-Ambulant Youth with Neuromuscular Disorders
Travlos V, Patman S, Downs J, Hince D and Wilson AC
Parent Carer Quality of Life and Night-Time Attendance in Non-Ambulant Youth with Neuromuscular Disorders
Travlos V, Patman S, Downs J, Hince D and Wilson AC
: To describe and explore carer quality of life (QoL) and night-time attendance to their child in parents of non-ambulant youth with Neuromuscular Disorders. A cross-sectional population-based, comprehensive survey including the Adult Carer QoL (AC-QoL) questionnaire, measures of social context and youths' physical status. Associations between carer-QoL or frequency of parents' night-time attendance with independent variables were explored using linear and logistic regression models, respectively. Parents' perceived lower carer-QoL (mean 76.5/120, SD 18.5) when they attended to their child twice a night or more (n = 17/35) and with shorter time since their child was prescribed noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Parental night-time attendance was not associated with youth's actual use of NIV, but was more likely when youth required assistance to turn in bed, reported frequent sleep discomfort and had more severe joint contractures. To optimize parent carer-QoL, interventions must address parents' frequency of night-time attendance and youths' sleep comfort.
Change in Dysfunctional Sleep-Related Beliefs is Associated with Changes in Sleep and Other Health Outcomes Among Older Veterans With Insomnia: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Song Y, Kelly MR, Fung CH, Dzierzewski JM, Grinberg AM, Mitchell MN, Josephson K, Martin JL and Alessi CA
Change in Dysfunctional Sleep-Related Beliefs is Associated with Changes in Sleep and Other Health Outcomes Among Older Veterans With Insomnia: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Song Y, Kelly MR, Fung CH, Dzierzewski JM, Grinberg AM, Mitchell MN, Josephson K, Martin JL and Alessi CA
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) targets changing dysfunctional sleep-related beliefs. The impact of these changes on daytime functioning in older adults is unknown.
Sleep as a window on the sensorimotor foundations of the developing hippocampus
Del Rio-Bermudez C and Blumberg MS
Sleep as a window on the sensorimotor foundations of the developing hippocampus
Del Rio-Bermudez C and Blumberg MS
The hippocampal formation plays established roles in learning, memory, and related cognitive functions. Recent findings also suggest that the hippocampus integrates sensory feedback from self-generated movements to modulate ongoing motor responses in a changing environment. Such findings support the view of Bland and Oddie (Behavioural Brain Research, 2001, 127, 119-136) that the hippocampus is a site of sensorimotor integration. In further support of this view, we review neurophysiological evidence in developing rats that hippocampal function is built on a sensorimotor foundation and that this foundation is especially evident early in development. Moreover, at those ages when the hippocampus is first establishing functional connectivity with distant sensory and motor structures, that connectivity is preferentially expressed during periods of active (or REM) sleep. These findings reinforce the notion that sleep, as the predominant state of early infancy, provides a critical context for sensorimotor development, including development of the hippocampus and its associated network.
Cardiac Surgery Outcomes: A Case for Increased Screening and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Wolf S, Wolf C, Cattermole TC, Rando HJ, DeNino WF, Iribarne A, Ross CS, Ramkumar N, Gelb DJ, Bourcier B, Westbrook BM and Leavitt BJ
Cardiac Surgery Outcomes: A Case for Increased Screening and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Wolf S, Wolf C, Cattermole TC, Rando HJ, DeNino WF, Iribarne A, Ross CS, Ramkumar N, Gelb DJ, Bourcier B, Westbrook BM and Leavitt BJ
Due to the limited published information on complications that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients experience during and after cardiac surgery, we are investigating OSA as a risk factor for post-operative outcomes.
Poor sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant women in Northern Ethiopia, 2020: A cross sectional study
Jemere T, Getahun B, Tadele F, Kefale B and Walle G
Poor sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant women in Northern Ethiopia, 2020: A cross sectional study
Jemere T, Getahun B, Tadele F, Kefale B and Walle G
Sleep is a physiologic necessity for all humankind. Pregnant women, in particular, need adequate sleep to develop their fetuses as well as save energy required for delivery. A change in sleep quality and quantity is the most common phenomena during pregnancy due to mechanical and hormonal factors. However, there is a scarcity of data about poor sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant mothers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of poor sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant mothers at Wadila primary hospital, Ethiopia.
